Tolulope Falope

Efficient management and control of electrical consumption and costs in buildings are key objectives of modern smart grid systems and essential for achieving Net Zero targets. Direct Load Control (DLC) enables users to remotely regulate power usage for specific end-user devices or loads. While DLC applications for lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems have been extensively studied, limited focus has been given to small power plug-in loads. This study introduces a Baseline Comparison Method to reduce energy consumption of plug-in loads by integrating load baselining, smart scheduling, and energy optimization, leveraging behavioral demand response and data-driven energy management.

The proposed approach utilizes Honeywell’s Connected Power load management solution, incorporating smart sockets to monitor and control plug-in loads. Initially, an energy consumption baseline is established. Subsequently, smart scheduling is implemented to minimize energy wastage, such as vampire loads, by identifying and shutting down idle plug-in devices. Load schedules are further optimized based on energy consumption feedback from end-users.

A techno-economic analysis was conducted on two sites at Cranfield University, assessing energy savings, cost reductions, CO2 emissions, and payback periods. Results indicate significant potential savings: 744.67 kWh, £203.67, and 154.22 kg CO2 annually in a robotics laboratory, and 2993.92 kWh, £818.84, and 620.04 kg CO2 annually in a café. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing energy efficiency and contributing to sustainability goals.